uCertify Articles » CIW Associate http://www.ucertify.com/article Just another WordPress weblog Wed, 04 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0000 http://wordpress.org/?v=2.8.4 en hourly 1 What is OSPF? http://www.ucertify.com/article/what-is-ospf.html http://www.ucertify.com/article/what-is-ospf.html#comments Sun, 01 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0000 uCertify 2101094

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a routing protocol that is used in large networks. Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) designates OSPF as one of the Interior Gateway Protocols. A host uses OSPF to obtain a change in the routing table and to immediately multicast updated information to all the other hosts in the network.

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The AutoFill feature of a browser automatically fills the text in the text box as the user types. It does not suggest any options as done by the AutoComplete feature. The AutoFill feature can be set by the user of the browser and not by the author of the Web site.

Share/Bookmark]]> http://www.ucertify.com/article/what-is-autofill-2.html/feed 0 What is 4NF? http://www.ucertify.com/article/what-is-4nf-2.html http://www.ucertify.com/article/what-is-4nf-2.html#comments Fri, 25 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0000 uCertify 3501049

The fourth normal form states that the database must be in BCNF and all the multivalued dependencies in the table are also functional dependencies whose determinant is a candidate key. Symbolically, if A -> > B|C, then A -> B and A -> C. Here, A, B, and C are attributes.

Share/Bookmark]]> http://www.ucertify.com/article/what-is-4nf-2.html/feed 0 What is 1NF (Normal Form)? http://www.ucertify.com/article/what-is-1nf-normal-form-2.html http://www.ucertify.com/article/what-is-1nf-normal-form-2.html#comments Thu, 24 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0000 uCertify 3501033

The 1NF is a normalization form in which each column in a row contains a single value, i.e., each attribute of the entity is single valued. Single valued attributes are also known as atomic attributes, as they cannot be decomposed into smaller units. There are mainly three kinds of attributes that prevent a table from being in the first normal form. They are as follows:

  • Composite attributes
  • Plural attributes (attributes that have more than one value)
  • Attributes with complex data types

The table below is in 1 NF, as all the columns in each row contain a single value.

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Network Load Balancing is a Windows Server 2003 clustering technology. It runs as a driver in Microsoft Windows and distributes incoming requests across each node included in the cluster. Its primary purpose is to load-balance by distributing TCP/IP traffic among the server nodes in a cluster. For load balancing-aware applications, such as Exchange Server 2003, when one of the nodes fails or becomes offline, the load is automatically distributed to other nodes in the cluster. A cluster using Network Load Balancing can have 2 to 32 nodes. Administrators can configure it through the Network Load Balancing Manager, which is located in the Administrative Tools program menu.

Share/Bookmark]]> http://www.ucertify.com/article/what-is-network-load-balancing-2.html/feed 0 What is IP masquerading? http://www.ucertify.com/article/what-is-ip-masquerading-2.html http://www.ucertify.com/article/what-is-ip-masquerading-2.html#comments Mon, 07 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0000 uCertify 2101074

IP masquerading is a form of network address translation that is generally employed by firewalls and routers. Through this method, a Linux computer with a valid IP address can act as a gateway for other computers in the LAN, which do not have a valid IP address. The computers without a valid IP address can then access the Internet through this gateway. The computers on the LAN, having no valid IP address can use their private addresses to connect to the configured gateway. When the gateway receives a packet from such a computer, it assigns it a new source port number and inserts its own IP address into the header of the packet. This packet is then sent to the Internet as if it came from the gateway. When the gateway receives an incoming packet, it searches if the port number is one of those that it assigned previously to such a computer. If a match occurs, the gateway retrieves the original port number and private IP address of the corresponding computer and inserts them into the packet header. This packet is then sent to the destined computer.

Share/Bookmark]]> http://www.ucertify.com/article/what-is-ip-masquerading-2.html/feed 0 What is inline scripting? http://www.ucertify.com/article/what-is-inline-scripting-2.html http://www.ucertify.com/article/what-is-inline-scripting-2.html#comments Sun, 06 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0000 uCertify 1901002

Inline scripting is a method of scripting in which the script is embedded within the HTML tags of a Web page. It provides control to a Web page when events, such as button click, text entry, form submission etc., occur. Inline scripting is also used to provide information to a Web page from the Web server.

The following is an example of an inline script, for the onfocus and onblur events, embedded in an HTML tag :

<INPUT name=”NAME” onblur=”this.style.backgroundColor=’#ffffff’” onfocus=”this.style.backgroundColor=’#ffff00′”>

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The path or route adopted by a user to surf a Web site is known as click pattern. This helps an author to know the route by which a user has visited his Web site, the number of users, etc. Log analysis software can be used by the author of a Web site to view the click patterns.

Share/Bookmark]]> http://www.ucertify.com/article/what-is-click-pattern.html/feed 0 What is Trojan horse? http://www.ucertify.com/article/what-is-trojan-horse-2.html http://www.ucertify.com/article/what-is-trojan-horse-2.html#comments Wed, 19 Aug 2009 00:00:00 +0000 uCertify 1301109

Trojan horse is a malicious software program code that masquerades itself as a normal program. When a Trojan horse program is run, its hidden code runs to destroy or scramble data on the hard disk. An example of a Trojan horse is a program that masquerades as a computer logon to retrieve user names and password information. The developer of a Trojan horse can use this information later to gain unauthorized access to computers. Trojan horses are normally spread by e-mail attachments. Unlike viruses, Trojan horses do not replicate themselves but only destroy information on hard disks.

Share/Bookmark]]> http://www.ucertify.com/article/what-is-trojan-horse-2.html/feed 0 What is dictionary attack? http://www.ucertify.com/article/what-is-dictionary-attack-2.html http://www.ucertify.com/article/what-is-dictionary-attack-2.html#comments Wed, 19 Aug 2009 00:00:00 +0000 uCertify 1301124

Dictionary attack is a type of password guessing attack. This type of attack uses a dictionary of common words to find out the password of a user. It can also use common words in either upper or lower case to find a password. There are many programs available on the Internet to automate and execute dictionary attacks.

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