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What is OSPF?

November 1st, 2009

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a routing protocol that is used in large networks. Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) designates OSPF as one of the Interior Gateway Protocols. A host uses OSPF to obtain a change in the routing table and to immediately multicast updated information to all the other hosts in the network.

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Posted in CCENT, CCNA, CIW Associate, CIW Associate Design Specialist, CIW Certified Security Analyst, CIW Professional, Master CIW Administrator, Master CIW Designer, Master CIW Enterprise Developer, Master CIW Web Site Manager, Network+

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What is AutoFill?

September 29th, 2009

The AutoFill feature of a browser automatically fills the text in the text box as the user types. It does not suggest any options as done by the AutoComplete feature. The AutoFill feature can be set by the user of the browser and not by the author of the Web site.

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Posted in CIW Associate, CIW Associate Design Specialist, CIW Certified Security Analyst, CIW Professional, Master CIW Administrator, Master CIW Designer, Master CIW Enterprise Developer, Master CIW Web Site Manager

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What is 4NF?

September 25th, 2009

The fourth normal form states that the database must be in BCNF and all the multivalued dependencies in the table are also functional dependencies whose determinant is a candidate key. Symbolically, if A -> > B|C, then A -> B and A -> C. Here, A, B, and C are attributes.

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Posted in CIW Associate, CIW Associate Design Specialist, CIW Certified Security Analyst, CIW Professional, Master CIW Administrator, Master CIW Designer, Master CIW Enterprise Developer, Master CIW Web Site Manager

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What is 1NF (Normal Form)?

September 24th, 2009

The 1NF is a normalization form in which each column in a row contains a single value, i.e., each attribute of the entity is single valued. Single valued attributes are also known as atomic attributes, as they cannot be decomposed into smaller units. There are mainly three kinds of attributes that prevent a table from being in the first normal form. They are as follows:

  • Composite attributes
  • Plural attributes (attributes that have more than one value)
  • Attributes with complex data types

The table below is in 1 NF, as all the columns in each row contain a single value.

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Posted in CIW Associate, CIW Associate Design Specialist, CIW Certified Security Analyst, CIW Professional, Master CIW Administrator, Master CIW Designer, Master CIW Enterprise Developer, Master CIW Web Site Manager

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What is Network Load Balancing?

September 16th, 2009

Network Load Balancing is a Windows Server 2003 clustering technology. It runs as a driver in Microsoft Windows and distributes incoming requests across each node included in the cluster. Its primary purpose is to load-balance by distributing TCP/IP traffic among the server nodes in a cluster. For load balancing-aware applications, such as Exchange Server 2003, when one of the nodes fails or becomes offline, the load is automatically distributed to other nodes in the cluster. A cluster using Network Load Balancing can have 2 to 32 nodes. Administrators can configure it through the Network Load Balancing Manager, which is located in the Administrative Tools program menu.

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Posted in CIW Associate, CIW Associate Design Specialist, CIW Certified Security Analyst, CIW Professional, MCP, MCSA, MCSA 2000, MCSA 2000 Messaging, MCSA 2003 Messaging, MCSE, MCSE 2000, MCSE 2000 Messaging, MCSE 2003 Messaging, Master CIW Administrator, Master CIW Designer, Master CIW Enterprise Developer, Master CIW Web Site Manager

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What is IP masquerading?

September 7th, 2009

IP masquerading is a form of network address translation that is generally employed by firewalls and routers. Through this method, a Linux computer with a valid IP address can act as a gateway for other computers in the LAN, which do not have a valid IP address. The computers without a valid IP address can then access the Internet through this gateway. The computers on the LAN, having no valid IP address can use their private addresses to connect to the configured gateway. When the gateway receives a packet from such a computer, it assigns it a new source port number and inserts its own IP address into the header of the packet. This packet is then sent to the Internet as if it came from the gateway. When the gateway receives an incoming packet, it searches if the port number is one of those that it assigned previously to such a computer. If a match occurs, the gateway retrieves the original port number and private IP address of the corresponding computer and inserts them into the packet header. This packet is then sent to the destined computer.

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Posted in CIW Associate, CIW Associate Design Specialist, CIW Certified Security Analyst, CIW Professional, Master CIW Administrator, Master CIW Designer, Master CIW Enterprise Developer, Master CIW Web Site Manager

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What is inline scripting?

September 6th, 2009

Inline scripting is a method of scripting in which the script is embedded within the HTML tags of a Web page. It provides control to a Web page when events, such as button click, text entry, form submission etc., occur. Inline scripting is also used to provide information to a Web page from the Web server.

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Posted in CIW Associate, CIW Associate Design Specialist, CIW Certified Security Analyst, CIW Professional, Master CIW Administrator, Master CIW Designer, Master CIW Enterprise Developer, Master CIW Web Site Manager

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What is click pattern?

August 19th, 2009

The path or route adopted by a user to surf a Web site is known as click pattern. This helps an author to know the route by which a user has visited his Web site, the number of users, etc. Log analysis software can be used by the author of a Web site to view the click patterns.

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Posted in CIW Associate, CIW Associate Design Specialist, CIW Certified Security Analyst, CIW Professional, Master CIW Administrator, Master CIW Designer, Master CIW Enterprise Developer, Master CIW Web Site Manager

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What is Trojan horse?

August 19th, 2009

Trojan horse is a malicious software program code that masquerades itself as a normal program. When a Trojan horse program is run, its hidden code runs to destroy or scramble data on the hard disk. An example of a Trojan horse is a program that masquerades as a computer logon to retrieve user names and password information. The developer of a Trojan horse can use this information later to gain unauthorized access to computers. Trojan horses are normally spread by e-mail attachments. Unlike viruses, Trojan horses do not replicate themselves but only destroy information on hard disks.

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Posted in A+, A+ 2009, A+2006, CIW Associate, CIW Associate Design Specialist, CIW Certified Security Analyst, CIW Professional, MCSA, MCSA 2000, MCSE, Master CIW Administrator, Master CIW Designer, Master CIW Enterprise Developer, Master CIW Web Site Manager

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What is dictionary attack?

August 19th, 2009

Dictionary attack is a type of password guessing attack. This type of attack uses a dictionary of common words to find out the password of a user. It can also use common words in either upper or lower case to find a password. There are many programs available on the Internet to automate and execute dictionary attacks.

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Posted in A+, A+2006, CIW Associate, CIW Associate Design Specialist, CIW Certified Security Analyst, CIW Professional, MCSA, MCSA 2000, MCSE, Master CIW Administrator, Master CIW Designer, Master CIW Enterprise Developer, Master CIW Web Site Manager

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