Archive for the ‘CCENT’ category

What is Video over IP?

November 2nd, 2009

Video over IP is a TCP/IP application that passes video traffic over the data network inside IP packets by using application protocols. The requirement of bandwidth varies from 300/400Kbps to 10Mbps. As high-definition video over IP is also in demand now, the bandwidth requirement will increase for video over IP applications. It requires medium to high bandwidth and low delay, jitter, and loss requirements.

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What is OSPF?

November 1st, 2009

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a routing protocol that is used in large networks. Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) designates OSPF as one of the Interior Gateway Protocols. A host uses OSPF to obtain a change in the routing table and to immediately multicast updated information to all the other hosts in the network.

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What are OSI and DoD models of network communications?

October 31st, 2009

The OSI Model

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) developed the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference model in 1977. The OSI model is a conceptual framework that can be used to get a better understanding of the complex interactions taking place among the various devices in a network. The purpose of the OSI model is to demonstrate how the network entities should work together for communication.

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What is 802.11g?

October 28th, 2009

The 802.11g standard, defined by IEEE, is an extension to the 802.11b standard of wireless network. It operates in 2.4-GHz band and brings data rates up to 54Mbps using Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology. Since the 802.11g standard is backward compatible with 802.11b, an 802.11b device can interface directly with an 802.11g access point.

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What is WAN?

October 25th, 2009

Wide Area Network (WAN) represents a network spanned in a large geographic area. WANs connect two or more LANs separated by a large distance. To connect LANs in a WAN network, carrier networks such as telephone companies provide the services. The basic types of connections or circuits WAN services use are circuit-switched, cell-switched, packet-switched, and dedicated connections.

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What are private IP addresses?

September 15th, 2009

Each IP node requires an IP address globally unique to the IP internetwork. When a number of Intranet hosts use the Internet, each IP node on the private network requires a globally unique IP address. For the hosts within an organization that do not have a direct access to the Internet, IP addresses that do not duplicate already-assigned public addresses are required. These addresses are part of the reserved private address space defined by the ISPs and are never assigned as public addresses. Such addresses are known as private addresses.

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What is EIRP?

August 30th, 2009

Effective Isotopic Radiated Power (EIRP) is the power of the signal transmitted from the antenna of an access point (AP). EIRP is calculated as follows:

EIRP = The radio’s power output + Increase in power caused by the antenna – Power lost in the cabling

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What is Beacon?

August 30th, 2009

Beacon is the process through which a wireless client learns about each access point (AP) and their SSIDs. When a client moves, this process helps it to re-associate with a new AP when the old AP’s signal gets weaker. The AP sends a periodic Beacon frame that lists the AP’s SSID and other configuration information.

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What is a cell-switched connection?

August 29th, 2009

A cell-switched connection is a packet-switched connection that uses digital circuits. Cell-switched connections use fixed-length (53 bytes) packets to transmit information. These packets are called cells. ATM and SMDS are examples of cell-switched connections.

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What is CDP?

August 29th, 2009

Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) is a Cisco proprietary protocol. It works at the data link layer. CDP is enabled by default on all Cisco devices. Devices directly connected to one another receive CDP messages. A Cisco device does not forward a message to any device that is behind it. CDP messages are generated as multicast messages by a Cisco device on each of its active interfaces after every 60 seconds.

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